Date and Time Functions
There are several functions that deal with time and date. In order to perform these functions header file <ctime> is included into the program. The header file defines time related types such as clock_t, time_t and structure tm. The clock_t and time_t represent system time and date in the form of integer. The structure tm has data and time broken into elements. Some of the functions are:-
Here is a program which illustrates the working of time and date functions.
#include<iostream>
#include<ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
time_t time1;
time_t start1,end1,start2;
struct tm * currenttime;
time(&start1);
currenttime=localtime(&start1);
time1=time(NULL);
float a=(clock());
time(&start2);
cout << "The no of hours since January 1 2006 : " << (time1/3600) << endl;
cout << "The current time : " << ctime(&time1) << endl;
cout << "The date and time : " << asctime(currenttime) << endl;
cout << "The no of ticks since the program has been called : " << (clock()) << endl;
time(&end1);
cout << "The time lapse between two times : " << difftime(end1,start2) << endl;
return(0);
}
The result of the program is:-
The statement
#include<ctime>
includes a header file <ctime> into the program. The statements
time_t time1;
time_t start1,end1,start2;
declares variables time1,start1,end1 and start2 of type time_2. The statement
struct tm * currenttime;
declares a pointer to the variable currentime of type tm structure. The statement
time(&start1);
returns the current time of the system. The statement
currenttime=localtime(&start1);
returns the localtime of the start1 into the form of tm structure. The statement
time1=time(NULL);
returns the current time of the system. The statement
cout << "The no of hours since January 1 2006 : " << (time1/3600) << endl;
displays the no of hours since January 1. The time1 is divided no of seconds in an hour. The statement
cout << "The current time : " << ctime(&time1) << endl;
displays the string format of the current time. The statement
cout << "The date and time : " << asctime(currenttime) << endl;
displays the current time and date in readable format. The statement
cout << "The no of ticks since the program has been called : " << (clock()) << endl;
prints the no of ticks since the program has been called. The statement
cout << "The time lapse between two times : " << difftime(end1,start2) << endl;
prints the time difference between end1 and start2.
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